母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对哺乳仔猪血浆生化参数、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对哺乳仔猪血浆生化参数、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响.试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠第85天的健康大白猪40头,随机分为2组,每组20头猪.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加250 g/t的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂.从母猪妊娠第85天开始饲喂至产后第21天结束.分别于仔猪7和21日龄,每组选取8窝仔猪,每窝选1头体重接近的仔猪,前腔静脉采血,测定血浆生化参数;采集新鲜粪便样品,测定其中微生物数量及短链脂肪酸、生物胺含量.结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组7日龄仔猪粪便中乙酸和色胺含量显著增加(P<0.05),粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05),粪便中亚精胺(P=0.068)和精胺(P=0.074)含量以及乳酸杆菌/大肠杆菌(P=0.053)呈增加趋势;试验组21日龄仔猪血浆尿素氮和甘油三酯含量以及粪便中亚精胺和精胺含量显著降低(P<0.05).综上所述,母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可调控哺乳仔猪脂代谢和氮代谢相关血浆生化参数,减少肠道中大肠杆菌数量,增加肠道内容物生物胺和乙酸含量,从而改善哺乳仔猪的肠道健康和生长发育.%This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus subtilis supplementation in diets of sows on plasma biochemical parameters,fecal microbes and their metabolites of suckling piglets. Forty healthy Large White sows at close to 85 days of gestation during 2 to 4 parities were used and randomly allocated to two groups with 20 pigs per group. Sows in the control group were fed a basal diet, and others in the experi?mental group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250 g/t Bacillus subtilis preparation. The diets were fed from 85 days post service to postpartum 21 days. At 7 and 21 days of age,eight litters per group were random?ly chose and one piglet with similar body weight per litter was collected the blood samples by precaval vein, and then the plasma were obtained for analyzing biochemical parameters; the samples of fresh feces were col?lected to analyze the amount of microbes and contents of short chain fatty acid(SCFA)and bioamines. The re?sults showed that compared with the control group,the fecal acetate and tryptamine contents of piglets at 7 days of age in experiment group were significant increased(P<0.05),the fecal Escherichia coli amount was signif?icant decreased(P<0.05),and the ratio of Lactobacillus to Escherichia coli(P=0.053)and the fecal spermi?dine(P=0.068)and spermine(P=0.074)contents were showed an increasing trend; the plasma urea nitro?gen and triglycerides contents of piglets at 21 days of age in experiment group were significant decreased(P<0.05),as well as the fecal spermidine and spermine contents(P<0.05). Collectively,Bacillus subtilis supple?mentation in diets of sows can regulate plasma biochemical parameters related to fat and nitrogen metabolism, decrease the intestinal Escherichia coli amount,and increase the contents of several bioamines and acetic acid, also improve intestinal health and growing development of suckling piglets.