单颗上颌前牙即刻种植修复的牙龈美学效果分析

摘要

目的:探讨单颗上颌前牙美学区即刻种植患者的牙龈美学恢复情况.方法:选取2015年2月-2016年11月笔者医院收治的单颗上颌前牙美学区牙列缺失患者100例,随机分为两组.研究组:60例,即微创拔牙后即刻植入种植体(60颗),当天完成固定修复,6个月内完成最终修复;对照组:40例,即行延期种植修复(40颗),随访并比较两组修复后6个月、12个月X片骨吸收值,应用红色美学评分(PES)评估软组织美学恢复情况,记录两组种植成功率、骨性结合率、主观满意度评分及并发症.结果:研究组修复后6个月骨吸收值低于对照组(P＜0.01),修复后12个月两组骨吸收值比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);研究组修复后12个月PES各分项评分、总分均高于对照组及同组修复完成时(P＜0.05);两组修复后12个月种植成功率、骨性结合率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而研究组主观满意度评分高于对照组(P＜0.01);修复后12个月均未见明显并发症.结论:单颗上颌前牙美学区即刻种植、延期种植成功率相当,前者可有效促进患者软组织美学效果恢复,提高其主观满意度,因而在掌握适应证前提下即刻种植可获得较好的修复效果.%Objective To analyze the soft tissue aesthetic recovery of patients with immediate implant in single maxillary anterior tooth aesthetic area. Methods 100 cases of patients with dentition defect in single maxillary anterior tooth aesthetic area in our hospital from February 2015 to November 2016 were selected. Among them, 60 cases with immediate implant after minimally invasive extraction (60 implants) who finished the fixed repair on the same day and completed the final repair within 6 months were included in the study group. The other 40 cases with delayed implant repair (40 implants) were enrolled in the control group. The bone resorption values of X-ray films at 6 months and 12 months after repair were followed up, and the pink esthetic score (PES) was used to evaluate the aesthetic recovery of soft tissue, and the implanting success rate, bone binding rate and subjective satisfaction score and complications were recorded in the two groups. Results At 6 months after repair, the bone resorption value of the study group was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.01), but there was no significant difference in the bone resorption value between the two groups at 12 months after repair (P＞0.05). The every items scores of PES and the total score in the study group at 12 months after repair were higher than those in the control group and those in the same group at repair completion (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the implanting success rate and bone binding rate between the two groups at 12 months after repair (P＞0.05), but the subjective satisfaction score of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01). There was no significant complications within 12 months after repair. Conclusion Immediate implant and delayed implant can have the equal implanting success rate in the single maxillary anterior tooth aesthetic area, and the former can effectively promote the aesthetic effect recovery of soft tissue and improve their subjective satisfaction, so under the premise of mastering indications immediate implant can get better repair effect.