改善认知的心理护理对老年碍容性皮肤病患者心理健康的影响

摘要

目的：探讨改善认知的心理护理对老年碍容性皮肤病患者抑郁、焦虑状况干预效果。方法：利用随机数字表，将符合条件的老年皮肤病患者随机分为两组，两组患者均进行常规治疗，心理干预组在常规治疗基础上进行改善认知的心理护理，在干预后2个月后分别对两组患者进行抑郁和焦虑症状心理测评。结果：本研究共招募符合条件的研究对象142人，其中心理护理组72例，对照组70例，两组患者疾病分类、年龄构成之间差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05），具有可比性。两组患者SDS、SAS基线评分之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），具有可比性。干预前患者心理健康状况测评显示：142例患者中，有64.1%存在抑郁倾向，其中9.7%的患者重度抑郁；有70.3%存在焦虑倾向，其中12.4%的患者为重度焦虑。干预前心理护理组与对照组患者的心理健康状况之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。干预2个月后再次进行了心理健康状况测评结果显示：心理护理组患者中有63.9%的患者表现为正常，干预组与对照组SDS评分分布之间差异有统计学意义（P=0.021）；SAS自评结果显示，有47.2%的患者评分正常，只有3例仍然表现为重度焦虑，干预组与对照组SDS评分分布之间差异有统计学意义（P=0.013）。结论：改善认知的心理护理能有效改善老年碍容性皮肤病患者的抑郁和焦虑情绪，对老年碍容性皮肤病患者进行适当的心理护理有助于提高患者生活质量，有利于患者的术后恢复。%Objective To explore the effect of psychological care improving cognitive on mental health status of the elderly patients with loss-capacitive skin diseases. Methods 71 cases of elderly patients with loss-capacitive skin diseases were randomly divided into two groups.The patients of non-psychological care group only receive routine treatment,psychological intervention group individ⁃ualized psychological care in the conventional therapy.SDS and SAS were used to measure depres⁃sion and anxiety degree of the patients before and after the treatment. Results This study recruited subjects in line with the conditions of 71 people,including psychological nursing group 36 cases,35 cases in the control group,the difference between the two groups of patients the disease classification, age had no statistical significance (P>0.05),with comparable.No statistically significant difference be⁃tween the two groups of patients with SDS, baseline SAS score (P>0.05).Before the intervention evalu⁃ation of mental health status of the patients showed:in 71 patients,63.9% had depression,11.1% pa⁃tients with severe depression;75.0%had anxiety tendency,of which 13.9%were severe anxiety.No sta⁃tistically significant differences between the intervention of psychological nursing group and control group. The mental health status of the patients (P>0.05).Intervention again after 2 months of evalua⁃tion results show that mental health:psychological nursing patients in 63.9% of the patients showed normal,only 1 cases still showed severe depression,the intervention group and the control group the SDS score distribution between the difference was statistically significant (P=0.021);SAS self rating re⁃sults,a score of 47.2% patients normally,the intervention group and the control group the SDS score distribution between the difference was statistically significant (P=0.013). Conclusion Psychological care improving cognitive can effectively improve elderly patients with loss-capacitive skin diseases with depression and anxiety,to help improve the quality of life of patients, help patients recover.