新生儿医院感染分析与护理对策

摘要

目的：探讨新生儿医院感染情况与护理对策。方法：选取2012年10月-2013年10月笔者所在医院住院新生儿380例，住院7 d以内新生儿的189例，住院时间超过7 d的新生儿191例，分析新生儿医院感染情况及护理对策。结果：380例住院新生儿，发生感染的有269例，其中医院感染11例，医院感染率为4.09%(11/269)。患儿感染部位包括：呼吸道4例(36.4%)，皮肤软组织2例(18.2%)，胃肠道2例(18.2%)，眼部、血液及泌尿道各1例(9.1%)。调查发现住院7 d以内的189例患儿中，发生感染的有122例，其中医院感染4例，医院感染率3.28%(4/122)；住院时间超过7 d的191例患儿中，发生感染的有147例，其中医院感染7例，医院感染率4.76%(7/147)。两者医院感染率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：呼吸道、皮肤是新生儿感染的好发部位。新生儿住院天数增加会显著增加新生儿的医院感染发生率，要加强护理人员的感染控制意识。%Objective:To analyze the neonatal nosocomial infection and nursing measures.Method:380 cases of newborn from October 2012 to October 2013 were selected,and 189 cases for hospitalized within 7 days,191 cases for hospitalized time more than 7 days.The neonatal nosocomial infection and nursing measures were analyzed.Result:380 cases of newborn,269 cases were infected,including 11 cases of hospital infection,the hospital infection rate was 4.09%(11/269).The infected parts including 4 cases(36.4%) of respiratory tract,2 cases(18.2%) of skin and soft tissue,2 cases(18.2%) of gastrointestinal tract,1 case(9.1%) of eyes,1 case(9.1%) of blood and urinary tract.within 189 cases for hospitalized within 7 days,122 cases were infected,including 4 cases of hospital infection,the hospital infection rate was 3.28%(4/122).Within 191 cases for hospitalized within 7 days,147 cases were infected,including 7 cases of hospital infection,the hospital infection rate was 4.76%(7/122).The difference between two groups was statistically different(P<0.05).Conclusion:Respiratory tract and skin are common locations of neonatal infections.The hospitalized days of newborn will significantly increase the newborn’s hospital infection,the nursing consciousness of infection control should be strengthening.