先进陶瓷涂层结构调控及其在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用

摘要

Plasma spraying technology has a unique advantage in solid oxide fuel cells for its possibility to develop the microstructure of ceramic coatings.The development on the microstructure of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings as functional layers in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is reviewed,focus on the thermal sprayed porous coating for the anode and cathode,and plasma sprayed dense ceramic coating for electrolyte,with or without post-treatment.The composition and crystalline structure control of plasma sprayed perovskite cathode materials are also reviewed.The advantage,limitation and prospective of thermal spray processes to deposit electrolyte is discussed.The design of high efficient electrodes with improved triple phase boundaries is introduced.Moreover,the integrated fabrication of SOFC by thermal spray is introduced to illustrate the potential of thermal spray processes for manufacturing SOFC with different configuration design.%等离子喷涂技术可以对陶瓷涂层的微观结构进行调控设计,因此在制备固体氧化物燃料电池方面具有独特的优势.基于等离子喷涂方法,可以直接制备或经过后处理获得致密的电解质涂层.采用等离子喷涂技术也可以制备高性能的多孔阳极和阴极,并可对钙钛矿结构阴极材料的成分和晶体结构进行调控.文中介绍了目前国内外采用涂层制备电池的方法,主要探讨了热喷涂方法制备电解质涂层的特点,对存在的问题和可行思路进行了讨论,并探讨了基于提高三相反应界面长度来制备高性能电极的方法.由于固体氧化物燃料全电池各功能层都有可能通过热喷涂方法制备,因此该方法在固体氧化物燃料电池结构设计具有巨大的潜力.