科学标本资源汇交整编规范与实践

摘要

The scientific specimen resource is important constituent parts of scientific and technical sources. The scientific specimen resources can be divided into eight categories: plant germplasm resources, animal germplasm resources, microbial strains resources, human genetic resources, biological specimen resources, rock and fossil specimen resources, experimental material resources and standard materials. They are important scientific and technological resources. Based on the experiences of the construction of national scientific specimen resources sharing platform and the aggregation of basic scientific projects data, this article discuss aggregation factors of scientific specimen resources, basic data metadata standards, and how to describe normatively the 8 kinds of scientific specimen resources including the name identifications, code classifications, sources areas, origins, characteristics, images, storage information, shared information. By taking ancient Chinese ruins as an example, this article study the application and development of specimen resources prospect and discuss such subject with the methods of design of data sheets, analysis and import original data, profiling metadata, collating data documents and reorganization of specimen resources, which will be of great importance in data collection, integration and sharing of scientific specimen resources in the implementation of the national scientific and technical programs.%科学标本资源是科技资源的重要组成部分,科学标本资源分为八大类:植物种质资源、动物种质资源、微生物菌种资源、人类遗传资源、生物标本资源、岩矿化石标本资源、实验材料资源及标准物质.本文在国家科技资源共享平台建设和科技基础性工作项目数据汇交过程管理实践经验的基础上,研究科学标本的汇交要素、基础性资料元数据标准,以及标本资源在名称标识、归类编码、原产地、来源、特征特性、图像、保存收藏信息、共享信息等8个方面的共性描述规范.进一步以"中国古人类遗址"为例,通过数据表设计、原始数据分析与导入、元数据编写和数据文档整理对标本数据进行整编,并探讨了标本数据库的应用前景,对国家科技计划项目执行过程中产生科学标本资源的汇交、数据集成与共享具有重要意义.