针对重载铁路小半径曲线和长大坡道线路的轨距、线型难于保持,外轨侧磨严重,养护维修工程量大的情况,研制了普通型和减振型2种形式的75 kg·m-1钢轨用轨撑.在大秦线的轨道动力特性试验和现场试铺表明:与既有Ⅱ型弹条扣件相比,安装2种轨撑后测试断面的轨头横向静刚均有大幅增大,其中,外轨轨头的横向静刚度增大40%～54%,内轨轨头的横向静刚度增大9%～113%;轨撑提高了钢轨的横向抗力和抗倾覆的能力,提高了行车安全性;钢轨横移和钢轨侧磨明显减小,轨距和轨向保持良好,减小了日常养护维修工程量.减振型轨撑的减振效果更好.%In order to tackle the problems on small radius curves and long sharp slopes of heavy haul railways, such as the inconsistent track gauge and the linetype, serious side wear of the outer rail and massive maintenance work, two forms of rail braces for 75 kg · m-1 rails were designed, including ordinary type and vibration reduction type. The dynamic performance tests of track and the in-situ rail laying tests were carried out on Da-Qin Railway. Results show that compared with the existing Ⅱ-type elastic fastening, the two kinds of rail braces that apply to 75 kg · m-1 rails can strengthen the lateral rigidities of rail heads on the testing sections greatly. The lateral rigidities of the outer rail heads can be increased by 40％～54％and the lateral rigidities of the inner rail heads can be increased by 9％～113％. The rail braces that apply to 75 kg · m-1 rails can not only strengthen lateral resistance and stability against overturning of the rails to improve safety, but also can assist rails by keeping sound track gauge and reducing rail lateral displacements and wearing to reduce maintenance work. Besides, the rail braces with the properties of vibration reduction work better than the ordinary ones.
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