零售连锁药店承接社区卫生服务中心药房职能影响因素研究——基于零售连锁药店药师视角

摘要

OBJECTIVE:To study influential factors for retail chain drugstore undertaking the pharmacy function of community health center based on the perspective of retail chain drugstore pharmacist. METHODS:The stratified sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire survey among pharmacists in retail chain drugstores from Pearl River Delta(Guangzhou,Foshan, Dongguan),eastern Guangdong,western Guangdong and northern Guangdong. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed to study main effects of independent variables,pairwise comparison and interaction,with social demographic characteristics(gender, age,educational level,major,profession at title,working life,location)as independent variables,using fear of workload increase,inadequate pharmaceutical care,lower wages,inadequate electronic prescription acceptance and change in the work model as dependent variable. RESULTS:A total of 242 questionnaires were sent out,involving 239 valid questionnaires with effective recovery rate of 98.8%. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that majors of main effect and the interaction between major and professional title affected the fear of increase in the workload;age,education and working years of main effect,and the interaction between age and location affected the fear of inadequate pharmaceutical care;professional title of main effect affected the fear of electronic prescription acceptance;age and location of main effect,and the interactions between age and professional title influenced the fear of change in work model. CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested to strengthen pharmaceutical care and electronic prescription acceptance of pharmaceutical staff in retail chain drugstore,increase the number of professional pharmaceutical staff,allocate pharmaceutical staff reasonably and consider about regional differences.%目的:基于零售连锁药店药师视角,研究零售连锁药店承接社区卫生服务中心药房职能的影响因素.方法:采用分层抽样法,选取广东省内的珠三角(广州、佛山、东莞)、粤东、粤西、粤北的零售连锁药店药师开展问卷调查.以社会人口学特征(性别、年龄、学历、专业、职称、专业工作年限、所在地)为自变量,以工作量增加、药学服务能力不足、工资待遇降低、电子处方接收能力不足及工作模式改变担忧程度等为因变量,使用多因素方差分析研究各自变量的主效应、两两比较及交互作用.结果:共发放问卷242份,其中有效问卷239份,有效回收率为98.8%.多因素方差分析结果显示,主效应中的专业、交互作用中的专业和职称影响工作量增加担忧程度;主效应中的年龄、学历、专业工作年限,交互作用中的年龄和所在地影响药学服务能力不足担忧程度;主效应中的职称影响电子处方接收能力不足担忧程度;主效应中的年龄、所在地,交互作用中的年龄和职称影响工作模式改变担忧程度.结论:建议零售连锁药店有针对性地加强对药学人员药学服务水平以及接收电子处方能力的培训,增加专业药学人员数量,做好人员的合理分配,同时兼顾地区差异.