帕洛诺司琼联合地塞米松预防中度致吐化疗引起恶心呕吐的临床研究

摘要

Objective To observe and evaluate clinical effect of palonosetron hydrochloride and ondansetron hydrochloride that are used to prevent the chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)caused by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.Methods Sixty cases of cancer chemotherapy were divided into 2 groups:palonosetron group(n =30)and ondansetron group(n =30).Palonosetron group were given palonosetron hydrochloride 0.25 mg,intravenous infusion 30 min before chemotherapy on the first day.Ondansetron group was given ondansetron hydrochloride 8 mg,slow intravenous infusion 30 min before chemotherapy for three days.Dexamethasone 5 mg intravenous injection was used in the two groups.The situation of nausea and vomiting and adverse reactions were observed and recorded respectively in a period of 5 days after chemotherapy.Results In controlling acute CINV,the complete remission rate in palonosetron group was 80.0％ (24/30)and it was 76.7％ (23/30)in ondansetron group (P ＞ 0.05).The effective rate in palonosetron group was 93.3％ (28/30)and it was 86.7％ in ondansetron group (26/30)(P ＞ 0.05).In controlling delayed CINV,palonosetron hydrochloride was superior to ondansetron hydrochloride.The complete remission rate in palonosetron group was 76.7％ (23/30)and it was 63.3％ (19/30)in ondansetron group (P＞0.05).The effective rate was 93.4％ (28/30)in palonosetron group and 73.3％ (22/ 30)in ondansetron group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the adverse reactions between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Palonosetron hydrochloride is superior to ondansetron hydrochloride in controlling delayed CINV caused by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.There is no significant difference in controlling delayed CINV.It has few adverse reactions and should be used widely in clinic.%目的 观察和评价帕洛诺司琼联合地塞米松预防中度致吐化疗方案所致恶心、呕吐(CINV)的临床疗效和不良反应.方法 60例患者采用中度致吐方案化疗,按随机抽样法随机分为帕洛诺司琼组和昂丹司琼组,各30例.帕洛诺司琼组给予盐酸帕洛诺司琼0.25 mg,第1天化疗前30 min静脉注射.昂丹司琼组给予盐酸昂丹司琼8 mg,化疗前30 min缓慢静脉滴注,连用3d.2组均联合地塞米松5 mg静脉注射.观察5d内恶心、呕吐等不良反应发生情况并作比较.结果 帕洛诺司琼组与昂丹司琼组急性CINV完全缓解率分别为80.0％ (24/30)和76.7％(23/30),有效控制率分别为93.3％(28/30)和86.7％(26/30),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；延迟性CINV完全缓解率分别为76.7％ (23/30)和63.3％(19/30),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),有效控制率分别为93.4％(28/30)和73.3％(22/30),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组不良反应发生率均较低,组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 帕洛诺司琼预防中度致吐化疗方案所致急性CINV 疗效与昂丹司琼相当,对延迟性CINV 的疗效优于昂丹司琼,不良反应程度较轻、安全性好.