目的：调查小儿下呼吸道感染中的抗生素合理应用情况。方法2011年8月~2013年11月选择在我院儿科进行诊治的下呼吸道感染患儿200例，取痰液进行病原菌的分离与药敏分析。结果共分离出病原菌120例，检出率为60.0%。其中革兰阴性杆菌80株，占66.7%；革兰阳性菌40例，占33.3%。肺炎链球菌对万古霉素和亚胺培南的敏感率为100.0%，对庆大霉素的敏感率为85.0%，对头孢噻肟的敏感率为95.0%，对青霉素和红霉素的敏感率不超过50.0%。肺炎克雷伯菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的敏感率为72.0%，对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦敏感率为70.0%，对头孢呋辛敏感率为35.0%，对亚胺培南敏感率为100.0%，对庆大霉素敏感率为46.0%。结论细菌感染仍是小儿下呼吸道感染的主要病原体之一，要积极根据药敏情况进行抗生素的合理应用。%ObjectiveTo investigate the rational use of antibiotics for the lower respiratory tract infection children. Methods 200 lower respiratory tract infection children from August 2011 to November 2013 in our hospital were Selected, All Children were taken to separate sputum analyzed and susceptibility of pathogens.Results There were 120 isolated pathogens were detected, the rate was 60.0%.With the Gram-negative bacilli were 80 cases(66.7%); The Gram-positive bacteria were 40 cases(33.3%). The Streptococcus pneumoniae were 100% sensitive to the vancomycin and imipenem, sensitive to gentamicin was 85.0%, sensitive to cefotaxime was 95.0%, sensitive to penicillin and erythromycin rate were not more than 50.0%. Klebsiella pneumoniae were 72.0%, sensitivity to piperacillin / tazobactam, cefoperazone / sulbactam, sensitivity were 70.0%, sensitivity were 35.0% for cefuroxime, imipenem sensitivity were 100.0%, gentamicin sensitivity were 46.0%.ConclusionThe bacterial infection is still one of the major pathogens of lower respiratory tract infections in children, Actively carry out rational use of antibiotics based on susceptibility circumstances.
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