目的 探讨腋下小切口治疗小儿脓胸的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析我院2003年6月～2011年6月腋下小切口(24例)及后外侧切口(26例)手术治疗小儿脓胸患者的临床资料,并对治疗效果、手术情况及手术并发症等进行比较.结果 两组手术方式、手术时间及疗效差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05).两组术中出血量、术后引流量、胸管引流时间、止痛药的使用、肩部活动障碍、切口感染、切口长度及术后住院时间相比差异有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05).结论 腋下小切口治疗小儿脓胸疗效可靠,较传统切口手术胸壁损伤轻、出血少、术后并发症少、功能恢复好、切口隐蔽而美观,值得进一步推广应用.%Objective To investigate the clinical value of axillary small incision in the pediatric pyothorax surgery. Methods Clinical data of pediatric pyothorax undergoing surgical operation with axillary small incision (24 cases) and traditional posterolateral incision (26 cases) from June 2003 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The treatment effect, operation situation and complications were compared with each other. Results Two groups of patients were equally effective in curative effect, surgery way and operation time (P > 0.05). It was found that the intraoperative blood lose, drainage volume, drainage tube retention, the use of painkillers, shoulder activities obstacles, incision infection, incision length and postoperative hospital stay were significantly lower in axillary incision group than those of traditional posterolateral incision group (P < 0.05). Conclusion It is reliable that axillary small incision in pediatric pyothorax surgery compared with the traditional posterolateral incision, the axillary incision show benefits of less chest wall damage, less bleeding and postoperative complications, and faster functional recovery, incision concealed and beautiful, which can be used as worth further application.
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