针对五轴侧铣加工中刀轴的运动可能导致加工材料过切与效率低下的问题,提出采用多约束自适应的刀轴运动学优化方法来解决该问题。建立球头铣刀在刀具路段上的运动学模型,通过分析刀轴运动对刀刃微元去除材料的影响,确定刀轴运动优化的约束条件。在虚拟环境中仿真复杂曲面五轴侧铣加工过程,通过自适应控制器调整刀轴运动速度,使机床在多约束加工条件下最大限度地发挥其工作潜能。整个刀轴运动规划过程随刀具与工件接触区域的变化而不断优化,最后将优化结果存储在每个刀位点上。仿真与实验结果表明,刀轴自适应控制的运动学优化方法有效可行,为五轴侧铣加工过程提供了有力的分析工具。%The overcut problem and low efficiency in five-axis flank milling can be made possibly due to tool axis motion,therefore a kinematic method based on adaptive control was presented herein to solve this problem.The kinematical model was constructed and analyzed in every cutter location segment.Then the tool motion effect on chip removal was analyzed and tool axis motion constraints were determined.The five-axis milling process was simulated in a virtual environment,and a simple controller was adaptively tuned to operate the machine at threshold levels by manipulating the tool axis feedrate.The process was optimized by varying the feed as the tool-workpiece engagements varied along the toolpath,and the resulting outputs were stored at each position.Experiments show that the method is feasible and may become a powerful tool in flank milling process.
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