植物乳杆菌对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响

摘要

试验旨在研究肉鸡日粮中添加植物乳杆菌对其生长性能、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。试验选用240只1日龄雌性健康黄羽肉鸡，随机分成4组，每组4个重复，每个重复15只。Ⅰ组为空白对照组，饲喂基础日粮；试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别在基础日粮中添加2.0×105、4.0×105、8.0×105 cfu/g植物乳杆菌。试验预试期3 d，正式期35 d。结果表明：（1）各试验阶段，试验Ⅲ组平均日增重均最高，除11～17日龄外，均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；试验Ⅲ组肉鸡料重比最低，且除4～10日龄和18～24日龄外，均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。（2）各试验阶段，试验Ⅲ组脾脏指数和法氏囊指数均最高，均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；各试验阶段试验Ⅲ组肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG)含量均最高，除10日龄外，均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；24日龄时，试验Ⅲ组盲肠内容物中分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）含量显著高于对照组和其余各试验组（P＜0.05）。（3）各试验阶段，试验Ⅲ组血清总抗氧化能力均最高，均显著高于对照组和其余各试验组（P＜0.05）。由此可知，添加植物乳杆菌能够提高肉鸡生长性能和抗氧化能力，同时在一定程度上可增强肉鸡的免疫功能。综合比较，肉鸡基础日粮中植物乳杆菌的最佳添加量为4.0×105 cfu/g。%This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on growth perfor-mance,immune function and antioxidant indices of broilers.240 1-day-old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates of 15 each.The chickens in the control group(groupⅠ)were only fed a basal diet,group I-I,III and IV were received the same basal diet supplemented with 2.0 ×105,4.0 ×105 and 8.0 ×105 cfu/g of Lactobacillus plantarum,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 3 days,and the experiment lasted for 35 days.The results showed that:(1)in every test period,except 11 to 17 days,the average daily gain of broilers of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05);except 4 to 10 days and 18 to 24 days,the feed/gain (F/G)in group Ⅲwas signifi-cantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05);(2)in every test period,the spleen index and the bursa index of groupⅢwere all significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);except 10 days,the serum IgG concentrations of theⅢgroup in every test period were all the highest,significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05);At the age of 24 days,the sIgA in the intestinal fluid of group Ⅲwas significantly higher than that of the control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05);(3)in every test period,the total antioxidant capacity in blood plasma of group Ⅲwere all the highest, significantly higher than that of the control group and other experimental groups (P < 0.05).In conclusion, adding 4.0×105 cfu/g Lactobacillus plantarum in diet could improve the growth performance,and enhance the antioxidant function of broilers.Meanwhile,the supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum could improve the immune function of broilers to some degree.These results indicated that the 4.0×105 cfu/g in broiler diet was the best adding level.