上海市中心城区樟树叶片中多环芳烃的分布及来源辨析

摘要

采用GC-MS对上海市中心城区樟树叶片中16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)进行定量分析.结果表明,樟树叶片中∑16PAHs、致癌性PAHs、BaPeq含量范围分别为199.14~488.77、56.63~209.37、4.39~14.80ng/g(干质量),最高值均出现在工业区,其次是交通区、商业区,最低值均出现在公园绿地.各采样点樟树叶片不同环数PAHs分布特征相似,以3~4环为主,平均含量分布占∑16PAHs的31.60%和54.25%,其次为2环和5环PAHs,分别占5.83%和5.97%,6环最低,仅占2.35%；主要单体为菲(Phe)、(Chry)、荧蒽(Fl)、芘(Pyr),工业区萘(Nap)的含量显著高于其他功能区.运用因子分析法和特征比值法源解析表明,樟树叶片中PAHs主要来源于化石燃料的不完全燃烧.%Sixteen priority-controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) incinnamomum camphora leaves from Shanghai urban area were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that concentrations of total PAHs, carcinogenic PAHs and BaPeq ranged from 199.14to 488.77ng/g,56.63to 209.37ng/g and 4.39to 14.80ng/g, respectively with the highest values in industrial areas and lowest levels in park areas. The PAHs concentrations in traffic and business areas were much higher than those in park areas and lower than those in industrial areas. The PAHs were dominated by 3and 4ring compounds, which accounted for 31.60% and 54.25% of Σ16PAHs, respectively, while 2and 5rings PAHs accounted for 5.83% and 5.97% of Σ16PAHs, respectively, and 6rings PAHs only accounted for 2.35%. The most abundant PAHs were phenanthrene, chrysene, fluoranthene and pyrene. In industrial areas, concentrations of napalthene were significantly higher than those in other functional areas of Shanghai. The source apportionment showed that the PAHs mainly result from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels.