Several physical models of hysteretic nonlinear elasticity of rock are introduced. The Hertz grain contact model is a typical model with multi-scale and hysteretic behavior, which predicts strong nonlinearity in rocks. The soft adhesion system almost determines the mechanical properties of rock, and the fluid in the system has great contribution to nonlinear response. However, how the adhesion system and the pore fluid affect the nonlinear response remains unclear. The GL model based on metal dislocation is a physical model, which is a pioneering microscope model in hysteretic dynamic behaviour. The PM model is a phenomenological model based on mesoscopic elastic units in rock, which is important in understanding the mechanism and extent of hysteretic nonlinearity in rocks.%介绍了岩石滞后非线性弹性的几个物理模型.赫兹颗粒接触模型是具有多尺度和滞后特性的经典模型,它预测了岩石中强烈的非线性；软的粘结系统几乎决定了岩石的力学性质,粘结系统中的流体对非线性响应的贡献特别显著,但是目前还没有搞清楚粘结系统和孔隙流体究竟是如何影响非线性响应的；GL模型是一个基于金属位错的物理模型,这是滞后动力行为方面一个开拓性的微观模型；PM模型是一个基于岩石细观尺度的唯象模型,它对理解岩石滞后非线性的机制和尺度是很重要的.
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