We investigated whether different nest environments would influence the vitality and survival of neonates and the dam's maternal behavior. We designed four different nests: A, AB, AC, AD, B was traditional type. We judged the effect of nest enviroment on maternal behaviour by nest building and kit-retrieval test on 5 d, the kit survival and growth as well. The results showed as follow: treatment neither affect the within-litter variation in body weight of live kit and the neonates number. AC nest type was beneficial for the maternal behavior and decrease the survival of live-born until 14 d and average weight. The new nests got an advantage of traditional type on heat retaining property and keeping kit alive.%试验探讨了产箱环境对母貂母性行为和仔貂存活、生长、发育的影响.4种新型产箱类型有A、AB、AC、AD,B型为传统产箱.通过母貂的做窝行为和对5日龄仔貂的取回试验判断产箱环境对母貂母性行为的影响,通过出生重、出生个数、仔貂死亡率、平均体重、体表温度来判断产箱环境对仔貂存活、生长的影响.结果表明,仔貂的出生重和出生个数不受产箱环境的影响；AC型产箱能够增强母貂的母性,提高1～14日龄仔貂的存活率和平均体重.新型产箱在保温性能和产仔保活方面都优于传统产箱.
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