鸡传染性支气管炎病毒与新城疫病毒增殖作用及免疫干扰的研究

摘要

This experiment aimed to investigate the proliferation interference effects of the infec-tious bronchitis virus (IBV)and Newcastle disease virus (NDV),analyze the immune interference of two vaccines in the immune process,and provide a basis for determining vaccine immune pro-gram.This experiment was in a complete randomized design,10-day-old allantoic cavity of the chick embryo was inoculated with different concentrations of IBV and NDV and with a mixture of different concentrations of IBV and NDV,and then the allantoic fluid was collected for determina-tion of the titer of hemagglutination (HA).Furthermore,BALB/c mice and SPF chicken were im-munized with different concentrations of IBV and NDV and also with the mixed IBV and NDV with different concentrations,the blood of mice and chicken were collected,and antibody titer and inhibitory titer of IBV and NDV were determined by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and hemagglutination inhibition (HI)test.Experimental results showed that in the ho-meomorphic cultivation research,whether IBV and NDV were inoculated in a different order or in-oculated at the same time,the inoculation of IBV behaved interference to the NDV,while the inoc-ulation of NDV had no interference effects to IBV;Mice were inoculated with IBV and NDV,IBV and NDV antibody titers were lower than single immunized group,immune procedures and im-mune intervals often had effect on the titer of IBV and NDV antibody,IBV had interference on the immune effect of NDV,different needle mixed immunization can improve the antibody titer of IBV and NDV.In the group of SPF chicken inoculated with IBV and NDV,the order of the inoculation and the immune interval had effect on the titer of IBV and NDV antibody,IBV had a interference on the immune effect of NDV;In the immune serum inhibitory test,the data showed that the IBV and NDV antibody production were affected by the immune order of the inoculation and the inter-val,the effect on the NDV antibody was more obvious,but with the increase of the immune inter-val,the antibody level of IBV and NDV showed an increasing trend,the chicken was more sensi-tive than the mice to reflect the immune interference of IBV on NDV.IBVand NDV antibodies ti-ter was also reduced in the groups that was inoculated with the mixed IBV and NDV,IBV had a interference on the immune effect of NDV.In the homeomorphic cultivation research and animal research,IBV behaved interference to the NDV,while NDV had no interference effects to IBV. IBV and NDV antibody titers decreased when mixed immunization,IBV had a interference on the immune effect of NDV.The order of the inoculation and the immune interval had effect on the an-tibody titer of IBV and NDV,but with the increase of the immune interval,the antibody level of IBV and NDV showed an increasing trend.%试验旨在观察鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)和鸡新城疫病毒(newcastle disease virus,NDV)之间的增殖干扰现象,分析在免疫过程中两种疫苗存在的免疫干扰,为确定疫苗的免疫程序提供依据。采用完全随机试验设计,选取10日龄鸡胚尿囊腔接种不同浓度的 IBV、NDV 以及不同浓度混合的 IBV 和 NDV,收集尿囊液测定其血凝效价(HA)；用不同浓度的 IBV、NDV 以及不同浓度混合的 IBV 和 NDV 分别免疫 BALB/c 小鼠及 SPF 雏鸡,收集血清,间接酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和血凝抑制(HI)试验测定 IBV 和 NDV 的抗体效价及抑制效价。结果表明,同胚培养时,无论先接种 IBV 后接种 NDV 还是先接种 NDV 后接种 IBV 或 IBV 和 NDV 同时接种,IBV 对 NDV 均有干扰作用,而 NDV 对 IBV 没有干扰作用；接种 IBV 和 NDV 的小鼠,其产生 IBV 和 NDV的抗体效价均低于单独免疫组,免疫的次序及免疫间隔时间对 IBV 和 NDV 的抗体效价均有影响,IBV 对 NDV 的免疫效果具有较大的干扰作用。不同针混合免疫方式能提高 IBV 和 NDV 的抗体效价；接种 IBV 和 NDV 的雏鸡,免疫次序及免疫相隔时间对 IBV 和 NDV 的抗体效价均有影响,IBV 对 NDV 的免疫效果具有较大的干扰作用；雏鸡和小鼠免疫血清 HI 试验数据表明,免疫次序及免疫间隔时间对 IBV 和 NDV 抗体的产生均有影响,但对 NDV抗体的产生影响更明显,随着免疫间隔时间的增加,IBV 和 NDV 的抗体水平呈增加趋势,雏鸡比小鼠更能敏感地反映出 IBV 对 NDV 的免疫干扰作用。混合注射时 IBV 和 NDV 的抗体水平均降低,IBV 对 NDV 的免疫效果有干扰作用。因此,在同胚培养、小鼠及雏鸡的免疫中,IBV 对 NDV 有干扰作用,而 NDV 对 IBV 无干扰作用。混合接种时 IBV 和 NDV 抗体效价均下降,IBV 对 NDV 的免疫效果有干扰作用。免疫次序及免疫间隔时间对 IBV 和NDV 抗体的产生均有影响,但随着免疫间隔的增加,IBV 和 NDV 的抗体水平呈增加趋势。