枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂对鲤鱼生长性能、生化指标、抗氧化指标及抗感染能力的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂对鲤鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及对嗜水气单胞菌抗感染能力的影响,并确定其适宜的添加水平.将枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂投喂初始体重为(35±0.5) g的鲤鱼,试验设6个组,添加水平分别为0(对照组)、0.1‰、0.5‰、1‰、2‰、3‰,每组30尾,设3个重复,试验周期56 d.养殖试验结束后,腹腔注射嗜水气单胞菌进行感染试验,计算免疫保护率(RPS).结果显示,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂,鲤鱼增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、肥满度(CF)、溶菌酶(LSZ)、补体3(C3)、总蛋白(TP)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)均不同程度提高,饲料系数(FCR)、丙二醛(MDA)含量不同程度降低,且当饲料中发酵中药添加量为2‰、3‰时,与对照组相比各指标(C3、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和肌酐(Cr)除外)均差异显著(P<0.05).用嗜水气单胞菌对鲤鱼感染试验结果表明,发酵中药可显著提高鲤鱼的抗感染能力,添加发酵中药2‰、3‰组免疫保护率可达77.23%和74.63%.可见,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药2‰、3‰能显著提高鲤鱼的生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力及抗嗜水气单胞菌感染能力.基于对添加成本的考虑,建议发酵中药的最佳添加剂量为2‰.%The objective of this study was to evaluate of the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and ability of anti-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila by adding the fermented Chinese medicine by Bacillus Subtilis to the carp fish feed, and to find out the appropriate supplemental level of fermented Chinese medicine in diets.Carp fingerling with an initial body weight of (35±0.5) g were set up to 6 experimental diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.1‰, 0.5‰, 1‰, 2‰ and 3‰ fermented Chinese medicine for 56 days, respectively.Each group had 30 fish and set up 3 repetitions.After the feeding trail,the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila to calculate the relative percentage survival (RPS).The results showed as follows: Supplementing fermented traditional Chinese medicine by Bacillus subtilis, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF), the activities of lysozyme (LSZ), complement 3 (C3),total protein (TP),total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum of common carp were enhanced at different degrees, while the feed coefficient (FCR)and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were declined at different degrees.When the fermented Chinese medicine supplemental levels were 2‰ and 3‰,the effects were significant (P<0.05)(except for C3, ALP and Cr).The experimental results of the virulence of common carp infected with pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila showed that,the fermented herbal could obviously improve the ability of anti-infection, the immune protective rate of the group with 2‰, 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine could reach 77.23% and 74.63%, respectively.From what had been discussed above, the group with 2‰ and 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine had significant effect on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and Aeromonas hydrophila anti-infection ability.Considering the cost of adding fermented Chinese medicine, the recommendations for the best additive quantity was 2‰.