新疆石河子市规模牛场奶牛肢蹄病病种和发病情况的调查分析

摘要

In order to understand the disease types and morbidity of dairy limb hoof diseases in large scale farms in Shihezi city,a total of 5 659 adult dairy cows from 12 farms were investigated from February 2013 to April 2015. The results showed that the average morbidity rate of limb hoof disease was 37.55%,14 kinds of diseases were found. The rate of hoof deformity was highest(ratio of 10.90%),followed by laminitis(7.88%),and morbidity by stabbing and contusing the bottom of cow hooves was low(0.05%). The laminitis was easier caused by hoof deformity(P<0.01). On the contrary,the occurrence risk of hoof deformity also increased by laminitis.The dairy limb hoof disease often occurs in March and May per year. The laminitis could be caused by the feeding of a large number of beneficiated burden material,and the incidence rate of the disease was high in the dairy cows of 3~6 parities.%为了掌握新疆石河子地区规模奶牛场奶牛肢蹄病病种和发病情况，2013年2月至2015年4月，对石河子地区12家规模奶牛场饲养的5659头成年奶牛进行了肢蹄病调查。结果发现：本地区共有14种肢蹄病发生，平均发病率为37.55%；蹄变形发病率最高（10.90%），其次是蹄叶炎（7.88%），蹄底刺伤和蹄底挫伤发病率较低（0.05%）；蹄变形更易引起蹄叶炎的发生（P<0.01），反过来，蹄叶炎也增加了蹄变形的发生风险；奶牛肢蹄病多发生于每年的3—5月；大量饲喂精料能促使奶牛蹄叶炎的发生；3~6胎次奶牛的肢蹄病发生率较高。