新疆乌鲁木齐市流通环节牛羊布鲁氏菌病的调查分析

摘要

[目的]分析乌鲁木齐市流通环节家畜布鲁氏菌病流行趋势和传入风险，为科学防控疫病提供理论依据。[方法]在全市3个家畜布鲁氏菌病定点流行病学调查县和8个区县中的3个牛羊定点屠宰场、2个活畜交易市场和短期牛羊育肥畜群进行监测，共采集12672份血样进行血清学检测。采用χ2检验对数据进行统计学分析。[结果]家畜布鲁氏菌病血清学抗体总阳性率为1.17%。χ2检验分析显示：流通环节与本地养殖环节的牛羊阳性率有显著差异；流通环节的羊阳性率明显高于牛；全市8个区县的羊阳性率和不同来源地的羊阳性率有显著差异。[结论]流通环节的阳性率明显高于养殖环节；流通环节的监管不到位是布鲁氏菌病传入乌鲁木齐市最大的威胁；乌鲁木齐市羊布鲁氏菌病防控形势严峻；不同区县要采取不同的羊布鲁氏菌病防控措施。%Objective] To analyze the livestock brucellosis epidemic trend of cattle and sheep in circulation and the introducing risk of brucellosis,so as to provide theoretical basis for scientiifc prevention and control measures for bru-cellosis in Urumqi. [Methods] Investigation were conducted on the city's three livestock brucellosis ifxed-point epide-miological investigation counties(districts),three cattle and sheep designated slaughterhouses in eight counties,two live animal markets and short-term fattening cattle and sheep herds. The total of 12 672 livestock blood samples were de-tected by serological test. The results were analyzed by X2 test. [Results] The results showed that the overall serologi-cal antibody positive rate was 1.17%. The X2 test results showed that the differences of the positive rate was signiifcant between the cattle and sheep in circulation stage and the animal raising stage,much signiifcant between cattle and sheep in circulation stage,and signiifcant between sheep from eight counties in the city and from the other different sources. [Conclusion] The positive rate of brucellosis in circulation stage was much higher than that in animal raising stage;The biggest threat of brucellosis introducing to Urumqi was insufifcient supervision and inspection in circulation stage;The sheep brucellosis prevention situation in Urumqi was severe and the different measures for sheep brucellosis prevention should be taken in different districts of the city.