During 2012 to 2017,194 strains ofSalmonella were isolated from chickens and 89 strains ofSalmonella were isolated from pigs in Shandong and other 5 provinces,and then serotype identification and drug susceptibility testing(involving 13 kinds of drugs of 9 categories)were carried out towards these isolates. The results of serotype identification showed that the serotypes ofSalmonella in chickens were mainlyS.Enteritidis(59.69％),S.Infantis (13.61％)andS.Pullorum(8.90％). The serotypes ofSalmonella in pigs were mainlyS.Typhimurium(58.43％), S.Enteritidis(12.36％),S.Indiana(11.24％)and S.Derby(7.87％),and there was an extreme difference in the predominant serotypes betweenSalmonella in chickens and pigs(P<0.01). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)results showed that the resistance ofSalmonella strains toAmpicillin,Ceftiofur,Gentamicin,Spectinomycin,Tetracycline,Doxycycline,Florfenicol,Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol,Sulfamethoxazole,Enrofloxacin and Olfoxacin was more severe that in EU countries,but the resistance toColistin E was relatively low. The drug resistance of pig-originSalmonella was more severe than that of chicken-origin,and the resistance rates of the pig-origin strains against 11 drugs were all higher than that of chicken-origin strains. For the strains isolated from both chickens and pigs, the difference of resistance against some drugs was extremely significant(P<0.01),which includedOgmendine/Potassium clavulanate,Ceftiofur,Gentamicin,Spectinomycin,Tetracycline,Doxycycline,Florfenicol, Enrofloxacin,andOfloxacin,and the difference of drug resistance toColistin E was significant(P<0.05);the highly-resistant phenomenon of pig-origin isolates was serious,and the proportion difference of resistance against 5 drugs between chicken and swine strains was extremely significant.(P<0.01). ForS. Enteritidis andS. Typhimruium isolates,their resistance toAmoxicillin/Clavulanic acid,Ceftiofur,Gentamicin,Spectinomycin,Tetracycline, Florfenicol,Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol,Enrofloxacin,Ofloxacin andColistin E were extremely different (P<0.01),and the difference of their resistance toAmpicillin was significant(P<0.05). ForSalmonella strains isolated from different years,the difference of resistance toAmpicillin,Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,Ceftiofur, Gentamicin,Spectinomycin,Tetracycline,Florfenicol,Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol,Enrolfoxacin andColistin E was extremely significant(P<0.01),and the difference of resistant to Doxycycline andOlfoxacin was significant. As a result,the dominant serotypes ofSalmonella in chickens and pigs wereS. Typhimurium andS. Enteritidis respectively, there were correlations between the drug resistance ofSalmonella and infected animal species,serotypes and isolation time. Besides,drug-resistance ofSalmonella in chickens and pigs in China was more serious than that in EU countries.%本研究将2012—2017年分离自山东等6省份的194株鸡源和89株猪源沙门氏菌进行了血清型鉴定和9大类13种药物的药敏试验.血清型鉴定结果显示:鸡源沙门氏菌血清型以肠炎(59.69％)、婴儿(13.61％)和鸡白痢(8.90％)为主,猪源沙门氏菌血清型以鼠伤寒(58.43％)、肠炎(12.36％)、印第安纳(11.24％)和德尔卑(7.87％)为主,两者优势血清型差异极显著(P<0.01).最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分布结果显示:沙门氏菌对氨苄西林、头孢噻呋、庆大霉素、大观霉素、四环素、多西环素、氟苯尼考、磺胺甲基异噁唑、复方新诺明、恩诺沙星和氧氟沙星耐药的问题较为突出,对黏菌素E的耐药率相对较低;猪源菌株比鸡源菌株耐药严重,对11种药物的耐药率均高于鸡源菌株.2种来源的分离菌株对阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾、头孢噻呋、庆大霉素、大观霉素、四环素、多西环素、氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星的耐药率差异均极显著(P<0.01),对黏菌素E的耐药率差异显著(P<0.05);猪源分离菌株的耐药问题较欧盟国家突出,与鸡源菌株5耐以上的菌株比例差异极显著(P<0.01).肠炎和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、庆大霉素、大观霉素、四环素、氟苯尼考、磺胺异噁唑和黏菌素E的耐药率差异极显著(P<0.01),对氨苄西林耐药率差异显著(P<0.05).不同年份间沙门氏菌分离株对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢噻呋、庆大霉素、大观霉素、四环素、氟苯尼考、复方新诺明、恩诺沙星和黏菌素E的耐药率差异极显著(P<0.01),对多西环素和氧氟沙星耐药率差异显著(P<0.05).结果表明:肠炎、鼠伤寒分别是我国部分地区鸡、猪源沙门氏菌的优势血清型;沙门氏菌耐药性与动物来源、血清型和分离年份相关,且鸡、猪源沙门氏菌耐药情况比欧盟国家严重.
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