液相沉积法制备尺寸可控木质素纳米粒子及其表征

摘要

Lignin nanoparticles ( NPs ) with controlled particle size were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method from acetic acid lignin, where the lignin was not modified particularly by any functional group. The preparation conditions, which could affect the size and feature of lignin NPs, were investigated in detail. The most suitable conditions were stirring rate above 300 r/min, dropping rate 5-40 mL/h, volume ratio of tetrahydrofuran ( THF) to H2 O 5∶100-10∶100 and concentration of lignin solution 10-20 g/L. The chemical structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of lignin NPs were characterized by electronic microscope, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements, respectively. The results indicated that the average diameter of lignin NPs was 150 nm approximately, and the lignin NPs neither chemically changed on their structures nor formed crystalline particle. The lignin NPs with a hydrophilic core and a hydrophobic surface would enhance their stability.%以乙酸木质素为原料,采用液相沉积法制备了木质素纳米粒子。考察了制备过程中制备条件对形成木质素纳米粒子的影响,得到最佳制备条件为搅拌速率300 r/min、滴加速度5~40 mL/h、四氢呋喃( THF)/H2 O体积比5∶100~10∶100、木质素质量浓度10~20 g/L。通过电子显微镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射、元素分析、X射线光电子能谱和水接触角测试等分析方法研究了木质素纳米粒子的结构形貌和表界面性质。结果表明,制得的木质素纳米粒子平均粒径约为150 nm,保持非晶形态,其亲水内核形成过程增加了木质素纳米粒子的稳定性。