固体催化剂在生物质合成乙酰丙酸和乙酰丙酸酯中的应用研究进展

摘要

The synthetic pathways of levulinic acid and alkyl levulinates were introduced.The synthetic routes of levulinic acid mainly includes catalyzed hydrolysis of furfuryl alcohol, direct hydrolysis of biomass and hydrolysis of hemicellulose.The synthetic pathways of alkyl levulinate were esterification of levulinic acid, direct alcoholysis of biomass, alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol and alcoholysis of 5-chloro methyl furfural.Recent research of solid catalysts used in conversion of biomass into levulinic acid and alkyl levulinates were reviewed, and the brief overview of the solid catalyst types that used in biomass conversion such as super acid, molecular sieve, heteropoly acid and resin was conducted.Furthermore, the development and application in the future of solid catalyst were also prospected.%简单介绍了乙酰丙酸和乙酰丙酸酯的合成途径.乙酰丙酸的合成路径主要包括糠醇催化水解法、生物质直接水解法和半纤维素水解法,乙酰丙酸酯类的合成路径主要有乙酰丙酸酯化合成法、生物质直接醇解法、生物质经糠醇醇解法和5-氯甲基糠醛醇解法.综述了近年来固体催化剂在催化转化生物质合成乙酰丙酸和乙酰丙酸酯的研究进展,简要概述了用于催化生物质的固体超强酸、分子筛、杂多酸和树脂等固体催化剂类型,并展望了固体催化剂今后的发展应用.