乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝聚合物的合成、表征及应用新进展

摘要

乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)以其优异的耐低温性、耐氧化性、耐环境应力开裂性和耐腐蚀性等性能,在很多领域得到了广泛应用.近年来,为了赋予其新的性能和功能,拓展其应用领域,对EVA的接枝改性及其应用研究受到广泛关注.文章首先介绍了利用熔融接枝法、溶液接枝法以及乳液接枝法合成EVA接枝聚合物的研究新进展,接着以EVA接枝马来酸酐聚合物为例分析了接枝反应机理,然后对EVA接枝聚合物的表征方法包括仪器法和化学滴定法及应用进行总结和评述.最后对EVA接枝聚合物的合成方法的优缺点、表征方法及其应用的发展前景进行了阐述,指出溶液接枝法是未来的发展趋势,共混相容剂、膜材料和原油降凝材料是其未来比较广泛的应用领域.%In recent years,ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA),due to its excellent low temperature resistance,oxidation resistance,environmental stress cracking resistance,corrosion resistance,etc.,has wide application prospect in a lot of areas.In order to endow it with new properties and functions and expand its applications,stuies of graft modification of EVA and related applications have drawn much attention recently.In this work,recent advances in the synthesis of EVA graft polymer via melt grafting,solution grafting and emulsion grafting was introduced firstly.Then,the grafting mechanism was analyzed using EVA-g-maleic anhydride polymer as an example.Subsequently,the characterization methods including instrument method and chemical titration and the applications of EVA graft polymer were summarized and reviewed.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of EVA grafted polymer,characterization method and its application prospects are elaborated,and we pointed out that the solution grafting method is the future trend.Blending compatible materials,membrane materials and oil dewaxing materials will be the widely used areas in the future.