基于对称性的颅骨缺损部位快速自动重建方法

摘要

颅骨缺损或畸形,将给患者的各项生理功能造成障碍,设计符合患者头部缺损区域的修补体是颅骨缺损修复技术中关键的步骤.本文根据健康颅骨的几何对称性,提出一种颅骨缺损部位的快速自动重建方法.首先,利用主元分析法初步确定对称轴;然后结合转动惯量法进一步精确定位对称轴直线方程;最后,根据几何对称性重建出颅骨缺损部位.该算法通过降低最为耗时的对称轴计算的计算复杂度,在确保精度的前提下显著提高了计算速度,从而加快了整个重建过程.实验证明,基于对称性的颅骨缺损部位快速自动重建方法可快速精确地完成对称轴计算,并能无需人机交互自动实现缺损部位的高精度重建,其结果可用于临床对修复体的数字化加工制作.%The patients with cranial defect or abnormality would suffer from the physiological disfunction, and to design a complement proper to the defect part of cranium is the key point in repair.According to the geometric symmetry of healthy cranium, a fast method of reconstructing cranial defects was proposed. First, we used the principal component analysis to determine the initial axis of symmetry, and then combined the moment of inertia to further pinpoint the accurate symmetry-axis linear equation. Finally, we utilized the geometric symmetry to reconstruct the cranial defects. The algorithm reduces the computational complexity of symmetry axis calculation which is always time-consuming, and improves the speed performance while ensuring the accuracy, thereby speeds up the whole reconstructing process. The experiment results proved that this method could effectively calculate symmetry axis of complete cranium CT image, automatically achieve high-precision defects reconstruction without human-computer interaction, and could be used in clinical prosthesis of digital processing production.