春小麦穗发芽影响因素及特性研究

摘要

研究对不同春小麦新品种、不同收获期、温度、降落值对春小麦穗发芽和籽粒发芽的影响。试验结果表明：不同品种克春1号、克旱21号、克丰12号与克旱15号穗发芽率抗性差异较大，收获期对发芽率影响较大，收获越晚发芽越严重。各小麦品种在15℃条件下的籽粒平均发芽率比20℃条件下低，尤其是收获越晚时较高的温度对发芽更适宜。不同小麦品种降落值大小不同，与穗发芽率呈负相关。本研究可为选育抗穗发芽品种提供依据。%The current research investigated the influence of cultivar, harvest time, temperature, and falling number on harvest sprou-ting and grain germination of spring wheat. Notable differences in harvest-sprouting resistance were observed among four cultivars of spring wheat (Kechun 1, Kehan 21, Kefeng 12 and Kehan 15). Harvest time substantially affected the rates of grain germination and harvest sprouting, which markedly increased with postponing harvest time. Each tested cultivar showed a lower rate of gain germination at 15℃ relative to 20℃;a higher temperature occurring at a later harvest time was especially favorable to germination. Falling number varied among different wheat cultivars, showing a negative correlation with the rate of harvest sprouting. The present study provided the basis for selecting wheat cultivars with resistance to harvest sprouting.