轻质钢的研究进展（二）--铁素体-奥氏体双相轻质钢和奥氏体轻质钢

摘要

A detailed review of microstructural characteristics , mechanical property , and strengthening mechanisms of Al-rich ferrite-austenite dual-phase lightweight steels and austenitic lightweight steels were given .Although Al addition leads to a decrease of density and an increase in specific strength , it results in a remarkable drop of elastic modulus of a steel .In view of this unfavorable attribute , a feasible measure for improving elastic modulus of a lightweight steel ( and also carbon steel ) was introduced , i.e., employing hard particles such as TiC and TiB 2 which possess much higher elastic modulus and in-situ form during solidification to reinforce the steel matrix . Compared to conventional carbon steels and Al-rich lightweight steels , the particle-reinforced steel matrix composites thereby developed can have much higher elastic moduli as well as specific elastic modulus .%首先主要阐述了富Al铁素体—奥氏体双相轻质钢和奥氏体轻质钢的微观组织特征、力学性能和强韧化机制。尽管添加Al可以降低钢的密度和提高比强度，但是它会使钢的弹性模量显著降低。针对这一不利属性，介绍了一种切实可行的提高轻质钢（以及碳钢）弹性模量的措施，即利用凝固过程中原位自生高弹性模量的硬质颗粒（如TiC和TiB2等）来增强钢的基体。所形成的颗粒增强钢基复合材料可以具有较常规碳钢和富Al轻质钢更高的弹性模量和比弹性模量。