含风/光/抽水蓄能并计及负荷响应的海岛微网优化配置

摘要

利用可再生能源的微网是解决小型海岛供能问题的一种理想方案,但是高昂的投资成本阻碍了它的应用.为此,针对地理条件允许的海岛,使用微型抽水蓄能系统储能,同时以负荷响应参与度标度居民的负荷响应参与意愿,并将可时移电器视为能源资源参与微网的配置优化,提出了考虑负荷响应的含风/光/抽水蓄能的海岛微网优化配置模型,并利用粒子群算法对微网中主要设备的数量或容量进行优化.算例验证了所提方法的有效性,家用可时移电器的负荷响应及抽水蓄能替代蓄电池储能可显著减少微网投资成本.此外还对负荷总量、可时移电器功率,以及抽水蓄能系统水头高度对配置成本的影响进行了敏感度分析.%The stand-alone microgrid with renewable energy sources (RES) integrated is considered one of the best solutions to provide electricity supply for small islands, but exorbitant investment barricades its application.For this reason, micro-pumped storage (MPS) is used as the energy storage system (ESS) for islands with good geographical conditions, and deferrable appliances are treated as virtual power resource to take part in the planning and operation.Household acceptance of demand response is indicated by the demand response participation degree (DRPD), a capacity configuration optimization model is proposed with wind/solar/pumped storage and the demand response of household appliances in island microgrid taken into account.The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to get the optimal sizing of all major devices.The results of case studies demonstrate that the proposed method is effective, and demand response of deferrable appliances and the application of MPS can significantly reduce island microgird investment.An investment sensitivity is analyzed on the total load, the deferrable appliance load and the water head of the pumped storage system.