不同粒子成核的声空化核效应分析

摘要

本文利用2.45 MeV的快中子和5.5 MeV的α粒子作为成核粒子进行声空化核效应(NEAC)的实验研究.实验测得,超声期间的中子计数大于非超声期间的中子计数,计数差具有统计意义.并测定了实验前后的测试液氚含量,发现实验后液体中氚含量大于实验前.实验结果显示了不同粒子成核的NEAC.从载能粒子与物质相互作用的角度,用解析式估算比较两种粒子在水中的射程,阐述快中子成核与α粒子成核的特征,根据实验结果探讨两种载能粒子在NEAC中的作用.%Nuclear effect of acoustic cavitation (NEAC)nucleated by 2.45 MeV fast neutrons and 5.5 MeV α particles was investigated.The experimental results show that cavitation neutron counts (Ccav.on) are higher than cavitation-free neutron counts (Ccav.off) and the difference between Ccav.on and Ccav.off ff is statistically significant.Besides,tritium contents of test liquids were measured before and after experiments,which further verified NEAC nucleated by different particles.The features of nucleation induced by fast neutrons and α particles were explained based on the ranges of these neutrons and α particles in water.