土壤中抗生素的生态毒性及其分子生物标志物技术的研究进展

摘要

Antibiotics were widely used as drugs in stockbreeding.The unabsorbed antibiotics by animals excreted into the environment via excrements.Environmental issue of antibiotic residues is paid attention in the presence of antibiotic resistant genes and resistant bacteria.Since soil is one of the most important sink sites of antibiotics in the environment,it is significant to investigate the ecotoxiciry and molecular biomarkers of antibiotics in soils.This paper reviewed the toxicity of antibiotics in soils to microbes,animals and plants,and application of molecular biomarkers on antibiotics in soils.On these bases,the future research fields were prospected.%抗生素作为抑菌或杀菌药物被广泛应用于畜禽养殖中.不能完全被机体吸收的抗生素经由畜禽排泄物直接进人环境.随着耐药基因和超级病菌的出现,抗生素产生的环境问题引起了广泛关注.土壤是环境中抗生素最主要的累积场所之一,对土壤中抗生素的生态毒性及其分子生物指示指标的研究具有重要意义.本文在总结国内外相关研究的基础上,阐述了抗生素对土壤中微生物、动物和植物所产生的毒性以及分子生物标志物在土壤抗生素污染研究中的应用,并对未来的研究工作进行了展望.