铁路超限超重货物运输径路综合优化模型与算法

摘要

以铁路超限超重货物运输径路决策为研究对象,结合超限超重货物运输特征,构建了边带属性向量和权重向量的超限超重货物运输网络；综合考虑限界、桥梁承载能力、车流平衡等约束因子,以最小化对正常运输组织的干扰、最小化运输里程和最小化运输费用为优化目标,建立超限超重货物运输径路综合优化模型.为便于模型求解,改进戒上型和戒下型隶属度函数定量表达干扰；在采用对数Logistic模式规范化目标函数的基础上构建综合评价函数,将多目标模型转换为单目标模型,并进行了模型一致性证明.设计了启发式径路搜索算法,运用不断修正规范化目标函数权重的实例匹配策略求解模型.实例表明,模型和算法可以快速决策合理的超限超重货物运输径路,满足货物运输的安全要求.%Through taking transportation route in out-of-gauge and overweight freights of railway as the research object and combining with features of out-of-gauge and overweight freights transportation, this paper bulit the transportation network of out-of-gage and overweight freights with attribute vector and weight vector in arcs. Considered some constraint factors such as section' s gauge, bridge bearing capacity, and balance of traffic flow. Then, taking minimizing interference, transportation mileages and transportation costs as objective functions. It put forward an integrated optimizing model of transportation route in out-of-gauge and overweight freights. And it introduced the two membership functions in order to describe interference quantitatively. On the basis of normalized objective functions with Logistic mode, it structured comprehensive evaluation function with the purpose of converting the multi-objective model into a single-objective model and proved the consistency of models. For solving the model,it devised a kind of heuristic algorithm for searching route and adopted cases matching strategy with revising weights of normalized objective functions continually. The instance demonstrates that the model and algorithms can obtain the reasonable transportation route of out-of-gauge and overweight freights quickly, and meet the requirements for transportation safety.