基于位置和能量的水下无线传感网路由协议

摘要

To ensure the 3D underwater wireless sensor networks’high coverage of the monitoring area,and decrease the number of nodes in the network to reduce network costs,this paper deployed the sensor nodes according to the body-centered cubic lattice structure.Meanwhile,in order to deliver the collected information to network users efficiently,this paper proposed a network routing protocol based on body-centered cubic lattice.The protocol calculated the forwarding probability of each packet based on nodes’position and energy information,ensuring high packet delivery ratio and reducing the occurrence of conflict.And it detected void areas by using the feedback information which was produce by the follow-up forwarding of this packet.Besides,if void areas had occurred,it could change the node’s communication range by controlling the transmission power to pass through these void areas.The simulation results show that the protocol can not only guarantee the network con-nectivity and packet delivery ratio,but also improve network energy efficiency and balance nodes’energy consumption.%为了保证水下三维无线传感器网络对监测区域的高覆盖率，并减少网络中节点数量以降低组网成本，选用体心立方格结构进行传感器节点的部署。为了将节点收集到的信息高效地传递给网络使用者，提出了一种体心立方格部署下的网络路由协议。该协议基于节点位置与能量信息计算对数据包的转发概率，在保证数据包高投递率的同时减少冲突的发生；利用后续转发节点的反馈信息检测网络空洞的出现，并通过控制发送功率来改变节点的通信范围以穿越空洞。仿真结果表明，在保证网络连通性及数据包投递率的同时，该协议能够提高网络能量利用效率、平衡节点的能量消耗。