基于麦克风阵列的声源被动定位系统设计

摘要

为了优化声源被动定位技术,以及降低功耗、提高精度、增强对人员不易到达的恶劣环境等区域的声源监测能力,设计了一种基于麦克风阵列的声源被动定位系统.以五元十字形为麦克风阵列模型,以FPGA为核心,采用VHDL编写逻辑控制程序对数据采集、读取过程进行控制,通过USB接口与上位机通信,主要设计了放大和接口电路模块.测试结果表明,系统定位距离准确,相对误差较小,满足系统设计要求.%A acoustic source passive localization system based on microphone array is designed in order to optimize the passive acoustic localization,reduce power consumption and improve the accuracy and enhance the sound source monitoring ability that personnel is not easy to reach the area of the harsh environment.The model of microphone array with five element cross shaped,the system takes FPGA as the core,the use of the VHDL logic control program to control the data acquisition and the read process,communicate with the upper machine through the USB interface,the amplifier and interface circuit module are mainly designed.The test results show that the system is accurate in positioning distance and relatively small in error which satisfies the requirement of system design.