小剂量地塞米松对儿童扁桃体切除术术后恶心、呕吐及疼痛的影响

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on nausea , vomiting, and pain in pediatric tonsillectomy. Methods A total of 150 children undergoing tonsillectomy were randomly assigned into 3 groups. At the induction of anesthesia, subjects received dex-amethasone 0.05 mg·kg (group A) ,0. 15 mg· kg (group A) ,or 10 milliliter of saline solution(group C). Anesthesia was combined with intravenous and inhalation . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) ,the score of postoperative pain and sedative were recorded. Results Compared with group C , the pain scores were lower in both group A and B (P < 0.05 ). There were no differences in sedative scores among three groups ( P > 0.05 ). The incidence of early PONV was lower in group A and B ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions Small dose of dexamethasone at the induction of anesthesia is effective in reducing the incidence of PONV and the level of pain after paediatric tonsillectomy.%目的 研究小剂量地塞米松对儿童扁桃体切除术术后恶心、呕吐及疼痛的影响.方法 150例扁桃体切除手术患儿随机分为A、B、C三组,分别于麻醉诱导前给予地塞米松0.05 mg·kg-1,地塞米松0.15 mg·kg-1或生理盐水10 mL缓慢静脉注射.所有患儿采取静吸复合全身麻醉,分别记录患儿术后第1天(D1)、第2天(D2)恶心、呕吐情况,并记录患儿视觉模拟疼痛评分、镇静评分.结果 与C组相比,A、B组患儿术后第1天、第2天的疼痛评分较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).三组患儿镇静评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与C组相比,A、B组患儿术后恶心及呕吐发生率较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 麻醉诱导前给予小剂量地塞米松可以减轻扁桃体切除手术患儿术后疼痛,降低术后恶心、呕吐发生率.