失禁相关性皮炎标准化预防及护理指引在老年失禁患者中的应用

摘要

目的 探讨失禁相关性皮炎(IAD)标准化预防及护理指引在预防老年失禁患者发生IAD方面的应用效果.方法 采用便利抽样法将2015年7月至2016年7月收治的老年失禁患者454例作为对照组,将2016年8月至12月收治的老年失禁患者451例作为观察组,对照组患者按失禁护理常规进行预防护理,观察组患者在对照组的基础上按新制订的IAD标准化预防及护理指引进行干预,比较两组患者IAD的发生率及指引实施前后责任护士对IAD防控相关知识的掌握情况.结果 观察组451例老年失禁患者发生IAD 2例,发生率为0.44%;对照组454例老年失禁患者发生IAD 9例,发生率为1.98%,观察组与对照组对比差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.46,P=0.035).指引实施后164名责任护士IAD防控知识考核成绩为(90.20±5.13)分,显著高于实施前考核成绩(41.00±12.75)分,差异有统计学意义(t=45.368,P<0.001).结论 制订并应用失禁相关性皮炎标准化预防及护理指引可有效降低老年失禁患者IAD的发生率,提高护理人员防控失禁相关性皮炎的水平,提升老年失禁专科护理的服务品质.%Objective To explore the effect of incontinence -associated dermatitis (IAD) standardized prevention and nursing guidance in preventing the occurrence of IAD for elderly patients with incontinence .Methods Four hundred and fifty-four elderly patients with incontinence who were admitted to hospital from July 2015 to July 2016 were included as the control group by convenience sampling method,and 451 elderly patients with incontinence who were admitted to hospital from August 2016 to December 2016 were used as the observation group.The control group received routine nursing care about incontinence ,while the experimental group on the basis of the therapy in the control group was applied incontinence associated dermatitis standardized prevention and nursing guidance .The incidence of IAD and the nurses'examination scores of the prevention and nursing of IAD were compared before and after the implementation of the standardized guidance.Results In the experimental group,the incidence of IAD was 0.44% (2 cases);while in the control group,the incidence of IAD was 1.98% (9 cases);the difference between the experimental group and the control group was statistically significant (χ2 =4.46,P =0.035).The 164 nurses'examination scores of the prevention and nursing of IAD after the implementation of the standardized guidance was (90.20 ±5.13) points,which was higher than previous score (41.00 ±12.75) points;the difference was statistically significant (t =45.368,P <0.001).Conclusions The development and implementation of the standardized guidance for prevention and nursing of IAD can effectively reduce the incidence of IAD in elderly patients with incontinence ,improve the nurses'competencies in preventing and nursing of IAD and improve the service quality of incontinence specialized nursing .