西北地区农村小学生贫血现状及影响因素研究

摘要

The goal of this paper was to measure anemia prevalence and identify factors that correlate with anemia among school-aged children in rural areas,provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and treatment.[Method] The data set covered three provinces in northwest area.We detected hemoglobin of the sample pupils randomly chosen from the 3~-6~ grade of 305 rural elementary schools in 26 poor counties,and carried out questionnaires among them.[Result]25.24％ of the pupils had anemia,most of them were girl and the lower grade students.The multiple-regression revealed that the eating habits and family condition had certain impact on their anemia.[Conclusion] Anemia is still a serious problem of rural pupils.Improving diet conditions,providing balanced meals,enhancing the knowledge of the principals,teachers and parents about anemia and the importance of students' nutritional status and health contribute to the prevention and treatment of anemia of rural pupils.%[目的]了解西北地区农村小学生贫血患病率及其影响因素,为制定有效的防治策略提供科学依据.[方法]选取西北地区3个省26个贫困县的305所农村小学的三至六年级学生作为研究对象,通过随机抽样的方法对学生进行血红蛋白测定以及问卷调查.[结果]西北地区农村小学生贫血患病率高达25.24％,女生与低年级学生是患病率较高的人群.通过多元回归结果显示,学生饮食习惯与家庭情况对学生贫血状况有一定程度的影响.[结论]西北地区农村小学生贫血问题仍很严重,改善饮食条件、平衡膳食,提高校长、班主任及家长对学生贫血的认识以及对学生营养状况与身体健康的重视有助于农村小学生贫血的防治.