适用于卫星导航系统的双频段圆极化微带天线

摘要

随着卫星导航技术的发展,可同时工作于双频段或多频段的接收天线近年来得到日益广泛的关注.本文设计了两种可工作于北斗-B3(1 .268 GHz)和GPS-L1(1.590 GHz)双频段的低剖面圆极化微带天线.一种由一个天线单元实现双频带工作;另一种由五个单元的小型天线阵列实现,阵列中心单元工作在较高频段,周围四个相同的单元工作在较低频段.为了满足卫星导航天线低剖面、小尺寸的应用需求,两种天线均选用了较高介电常数的介质基板并采用层叠结构.同时,使用威尔金森功分器,通过双馈法实现圆极化,有效展宽了天线的圆极化带宽,使天线具有良好的圆极化性能.%The development of receiving dual-band or multiband antennas has witnessed explosive growth driven by their usefulness in the satellite navigation systems in recent years.Two kinds of dual-band circularly polarized(CP)antennas working at BD-B3(1.268 GHz)and GPS-L1(1.590 GHz)fre-quencies are designed.One kind of the methods is realized by means of unit form.The other is array form with five units.The array center unit operates at the higher frequency band,and the surrounding four u-nits work in the lower freqnency band.Two patches are stacked longitudinally and high dielectric constant substrates are used,while keeping the antenna low profile and small size to meet the requirement of satel-lite navigation systems.The use of Wilkinson power dividers effectively broadens the bandwidth of the an-tenna and the results show that the proposed structure is an excellent candidate for CP antennas.