超声条件对天然棕色棉色素提取的影响

摘要

To explore the effect of ultrasonic conditions (ultrasonic time, temperature, solid-liquid ratio) on the compositions of extracted pigments of naturally brown cotton, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect the compositions of extracted pigments and research the variation law of compositions and relative content of extracted pigment with the change of ultrasonic extraction conditions.The results show that strong polar substances are greatly influenced by ultrasonic conditions before 5 min retention time;chromatographic peak intensity and peak area change a lot.For example, the substance at 1.9 min retention time can not be extracted under short ultrasonic time, low temperature, high solid-liquid ratio;the pigment substance at the retention time between 7~20 min is little influenced by extraction conditions;under different ultrasonic conditions, the extract efficiency is different.The results of the study show that ultrasonic extraction is selective for the pigment with different compositions.When 30% ethanol is used as the extraction solvent, the optimum ultrasonic conditions as as follows: ultrasonic time 4 h, temperature 55℃, solid-liquid ratio 1∶50 (g/mL).%为探究超声条件(时间、温度、料液比)对提取的天然棕色棉色素成分的影响,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测提取的色素,研究超声提取条件对色素提取物成分及相对含量的变化规律.结果表明,保留时间前5 min强极性物质受超声提取条件影响较大,表现为色谱峰强度和峰面积变化较大,比如短时间、低温、高料液比的提取条件下不能提取到1.9 min的物质;保留时间7~20 min的色素物质受提取条件影响较小,在不同提取条件下只是提取效率有所不同.本研究的结果显示超声提取对色素不同成分的提取是有选择性的,选择体积分数30%乙醇为提取溶剂时提取棕棉色素最佳的条件是:超声时间4 h、温度55 ℃、料液比1∶50(g/mL).