阴离子水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的合成与性能研究

摘要

A series of anionic waterborne polyurethane (WPU) emulsions adhesives were synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI),poly (tetramethylene oxide glycol) (PTMG,Mn=1000/2000),poly (e-caprolactone diol) (PCL,Mn=2000),dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and 1,4-butane diol (BD) as the main materials.The influencing factors (hard segment content and type of polyols) during the prepolymerization reaction were investigated.Then the performances of emulsions and films of the waterborne polyurethanes were discussed.The results indicated the viscosity gradually reduced and the tensile strength and peel strength of film first increased and then decresed as the hard segment content increase.When the hard segment content was 45.22%,the tensile strength or peel strength of film had a maximum value,and the emulsion and film obtained the optimal performances.lt was also found that the increase of molecular weight of the polyols improved the water resistance of film.but the mechanical and adhesion properties did not become better.As far as the comprehensive performance.WPU based on the polyesters type polyols was better than that based on the polyether type polyols.%以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG,Mn=1 000/2 000)、聚己内酯二醇(PCL,Mn=2 000)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和1,4-丁二醇(BD)为主要原料合成了一系列阴离子型水性聚氨酯乳液胶粘剂(WPU).讨论了硬段含量和多元醇种类等对WPU及其胶膜性能的影响.实验结果表明,随着硬段含量的增加,乳液黏度逐渐降低;胶膜拉伸强度和剥离强度先增加后有所降低.当硬段含量为45.22％时,拉伸强度和剥离强度达最大值,乳液和胶膜的综合性能最好.多元醇分子质量增加可提高胶膜的耐水性,但力学性能与粘接性能并未相应增强.聚酯多元醇型WPU的综合性能比聚醚型的好.