太平洋夏季水对加拿大海盆海冰的影响

摘要

近年来，北极海冰发生了大面积减少，减少的原因仍存在着争议。基于2003-2011年的水文和遥感卫星数据，对北冰洋加拿大海盆的太平洋水和海冰进行研究。通过对比2006年和2007年太平洋水位温与海冰密集度的空间分布，发现太平洋水暖异常于2007年1-3月进入加拿大海盆的中部，并可能导致了2007年夏季海冰大面积的融化。2003-2011年，在加拿大海盆的中部，太平洋水位温与海冰密集度存在着时间上的负相关。选取2007年8月，发现两者在空间上也存在着负相关。这很可能说明太平洋水暖异常在流动的过程中，向上输送了热量，在一定程度上，融化了海冰，从而触发海冰-反照率正反馈，导致海冰的减少。因此，通过白令海峡进入北冰洋的太平洋夏季水，对北极海冰面积的减少有着重要影响。%In recent years,the area of sea ice have been substantially reduced in the Arctic Ocean.The reason behind this is still in debate.Based on the data of hydrology and remote sensing satellite from 2003 to 2011,the relation-ship of Pacific Water and sea ice in the Canada Basin were studied.Spatial distributions of potential temperature of Pacific Water and sea ice concentration in 2006 were compared with those in 2007.It was found that the warm Pa-cific Water anomalies entered the central Canada Basin in January to March 2007,which probably led to the melting of sea ice in the summer of 2007.Between 2003 and 2011,it was found that the potential temperature of Pacific Water and sea ice concentration were negatively correlated in the central Canada Basin.In August 2007,the spatial correlation was also found to be negative in the central Canada Basin.It might indicate that the inflow of warm Pa-cific Water anomalies transferred the heat upwardly.To a certain extent,the heat melted the sea ice and triggered the ice-albedo feedback,which resulted in the decline of sea ice area.Therefore,Pacific Summer Water,which trav-els through the Bering Strait into the Arctic Ocean,plays an important role in the reduction of sea ice area in the Arctic Ocean.