北极海洋沉积物中可培养细菌及其多样性分析

摘要

利用 Zobell 2216E 培养基和涂布平板法对北极海洋沉积物中可培养细菌进行分离纯化，并利用16S rRNA 基因进行分子鉴定与系统发育分析。根据菌落形态学特征，从59个站点的沉积物样品中共分离纯化获得570株细菌；基于16S rRNA 基因的分子鉴定与系统发育分析表明，分离到的可培养细菌分别属于细菌域的4个门，5个纲，12个目，23个科，47个属，102个种，其中γ-Proteobactria 占绝大多数；有14株菌株与模式菌株的16S rRNA 基因序列相似性小于97％，为6个潜在的新种。北极海域的海洋沉积物中存在着丰富的微生物种质资源，为开发新型生物活性物质和特殊功能基因打下了基础。%Culturable bacteria were isolated by use of marine Zobell 2216E medium and spread plate method.Molec-ular identification and phylogenetic analysis were carried out on the basis of 16S rRNA gene.According to the dis-tinct morphological character of bacterial colony on the marine Zobell 2216E medium plate,a total of 570 isolates were obtained from Arctic sediments.Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis showed that these isolates belonged to four phylum of the bacteria domain,5 classes,47 genera,and 102 species in total.14 isolates had 16S rRNA gene similarity less than 97% with the closest type strain were grouped into 6 clusters.It indicated that these isolates might be potential novel species.A high diversity of culturable bacteria were isolated from marine sediment of Arctic in term of both species number and phylogenetic composition,which deserves further study and exploitation,such as novel bioactive substances and functional genes.