种植方式与密度对油后棉生育特性及产量构成的影响

摘要

为提高棉油两熟作物的产量，实现棉花不同种植方式与密度的合理结合，2013年在湖南省4个试验点研究了密度与种植方式对棉花生育特性及产量构成的影响。结果表明，种植方式和密度对棉花产量的互作效应不显著，各种植方式间以营养钵的产量最高，直播产量最低，但无显著性差异。在同一种植方式中，果枝数、单株成铃数随密度增高而降低，产量随密度的增加而增加。在同一密度下，生育期以直播最短，单株成铃数以营养钵最高、果枝层数以漂浮最多、株高、果枝始节位以直播最高，不同处理对棉花铃重、衣分、衣指、子指影响不显著。直播高密度的产量与营养钵中密度、漂浮高密度产量相当。结果表明，不同种植方式之间产量无显著性差异，直播、营养钵、漂浮三种种植方式均适用于湖南油后棉种植，直播的日产量最高，漂浮日产量最低，适当加大直播种植密度，有利于提高棉花产量，为推广棉花轻简化栽培提供理论依据。%To improve cotton oil two crops production.and to realize the reasonable combination of differnt cotton plan-tiong pattern and the density,in 2013 at four sites of Hunan province a research has been conducted on the influence of planting density and planting ways on the characteristics and output of cotton growth.The result showed that different ways of planting and different planting density will have no significant interaction effects.Among different cultivation ways,the nutrition pot seeding transplanting has the highest yield,lowest dierect seeding,but there was no significant difference.Under the same planing pattern,with the increment of density,fruit branch number and number of bolls per plant decreased.While yield of seed cotton in unit area increased.Under the same density,growth duration of direct see-ding cotton was shortest,number of bolls per plant of nutrition pot seedling were highest,fruit branch number of floating seeding were most,effects of different treatment on boll weight,lint percentage,lingt index,seed index were not signifi-cant.Plant height of direct seeding were highest the cotton output of direct seeding of high density is equal to that of nu-trition pot seeding medium density and float seeding of high density.The research indicates that three planting ways are suitable for cotton cultivation in Hunan,there were no significant diferences between different ways of planting production. Direct seeding daily output is the highest,floating production the minimum.Increasing planting density will be conductive to improve cotton production,which will provide theoretical basis for promoting simplified cultivation in cotton fileld.