海藻粉和抗菌肽对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和肠道菌群的影响

摘要

为探讨海藻粉和抗菌肽不同添加水平对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和肠道菌群的影响。选取1日龄体重相近的AA肉鸡504羽，随机分为7个处理，每处理6个重复，每重复12羽。对照组饲喂基础日粮，试验组在基础日粮中添加不同水平（1．0％、3．0％、5．0％）的海藻粉和抗菌肽（300 mg／kg、600 mg／kg）。试验分前期（1～21 d）和后期（22～42 d）共42 d。结果表明：（1）添加不同水平的海藻粉对前期、后期和全期肉鸡的料重比有显著影响（P＜0．05）；对21日龄肉鸡的脾脏指数和胸腺指数及对42日龄肉鸡的法氏囊指数差异显著（P＜0．05）；降低了21日龄和42日龄肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌的数量（P＜0．05），增加了盲肠乳酸菌的数量（P＜0．05）。（2）添加不同水平的抗菌肽对后期和全期肉鸡的料重比有显著差异（P＜0．05）；对21日龄肉鸡的脾脏指数和胸腺指数及对42日龄肉鸡的法氏囊指数差异显著（P＜0．05）；降低了21日龄和42日龄肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌的数量（P＜0．05），增加了盲肠乳酸菌的数量（P＜0．05）。（3）海藻粉和抗菌肽交互作用对前期、后期和全期肉鸡的料重比有明显影响（P＜0．05）；对21日龄肉鸡的脾脏指数和胸腺指数及对42日龄肉鸡的法氏囊指数差异显著（P＜0．05）；降低了21日龄和42日龄肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌的数量（P＜0．05），增加了盲肠乳酸菌的数量（P＜0．05）。本研究得出以下结论，海藻粉和抗菌肽能促进肉鸡生长，提高肉鸡免疫器官指数和改善肠道菌群，且二者间存在协同效应，添加5％的海藻粉和300 mg／kg抗菌肽综合效果最佳。%The aim of this study was to explore different levels of dietary seaweed powder and antibacterial peptides on growth performance,immune organs index and intestinal microflora of broilers.A total of 504 AA chickens with similar weight were randomly divided into 7 groups,with 6 replicates of 12 chicks in each replicate.Control group was fed with basal diet,experimental groups were added different dietary levels of seaweed powder(1 .0%,3 .0%,5 .0%)and anti-bacterial peptides (300 mg/kg、600 mg/kg).The experiment lasted for forty-two days which was divided into earlier stage(1 ~21 d)and later stage(22~42 d).Results indicated:(1)The supplementation of dietary seaweed powder hadsignificant effects on feed gain ratio in early,late and the whole period (P<0.05);Spleen index and thymus at 21 days of age and bursal index at 42 days of age had significant effect (P<0.05);E.coli and Lactobacillus in cecum of broiler had significant differences at 21 days of age and 42 days of age(P<0.05).(2)The supplementation of dietary antibac-terial peptides had significant effects on feed gain ratio in the late and the whole period (P<0.05 );Spleen index and thymus at 21 days of age and bursal index at 42 days of age had significant effect (P<0.05);E.coli and Lactobacillus in cecum of broiler had significant differences at 21 days of age and 42 days of age(P<0.05).(3)Interaction between seaweed powder and antibacterial peptides had significant effects on feed gain ratio in early,late and the whole period (P<0.05);Spleen index and thymus at 21 days of age and bursal index at 42 days of age had significant effect (P<0. 05);E.coli and Lactobacillus in cecum of broiler had significant differences at 21 days of age and 42 days of age(P<0.05 ).It was concluded that seaweed powder and antibacterial peptides interaction had a significant effect on the growth,immune organs index and intestinal microflora of broiler.The suitable level of dietary is 5% seaweed powder and 300mg/kg antibacterial peptides respectively during the whole period.