基于RIA的WebGIS斜坡地质灾害气象预报预警信息系统的设计与实现--以怒江为例

摘要

斜坡地质灾害的频发常常造成严重的经济损失，而斜坡地质灾害预报预警无疑是减少经济损失的主要手段。本文介绍了国内地质灾害预报预警方法研究及WebGIS系统开发现状，引入先进的RIA技术，构建 RIA 下的 WebGIS 体系结构；针对系统需求分析，进行了系统总体设计及详细设计，且基于 ArcSDE Geodatabase 和 SQL Server 技术设计并建立了空间数据库；最后利用面向对象的可视化编程语言 C#基于WebGIS平台开发出了具有集查询检索、统计分析、空间分析、专题图制作、预报预警及动态维护等功能于一体的斜坡地质灾害气象预报预警信息系统。该系统的设计与实现，有助于提高斜坡地质灾害防灾减灾工作的能动性、高效性和准确性，最大限度地减少气象因素(降雨)诱发的斜坡地质灾害所造成的人员伤亡和财产损失。以云南省怒江州为例对系统各个功能进行了具体应用，为怒江州斜坡地质灾害防治及预测预报提供强劲有力的技术支撑。%Frequent slope geological hazards often cause serious economic loss, but the slope geological hazards forecasting and warning can serve as the means for reducing the economic loss. This paper described the present situation of the study and development of the geological hazards forecasting and warning method and the WebGIS system, and designed a WebGIS framework by introduction of advanced RIA technology. For the system requirement analysis, the authors designed the overall system and specified many implementation details; for instance, a spatial database was built based on ArcSDE Geodatabase and SQL Server technology. Finally, a WebGIS weather forecasting and warning information system based on RIA technology for slope geological hazards was built on Visual Studio 2010 development platform with C# language. Many function modules such as query retrieval, statistical analysis, spatial analysis, and thematic map production, forecasting and warning, dynamic maintenance were incorporated in the system. The design and implementation of the system is aimed at improving the initiative, efficiency and accuracy of hazards prevention and mitigation of slope geological hazards and minimizing the casualties and property losses caused by rainfall-induced slope geological hazards. This system was tested and used with related data collected from Lisu Autonomous Prefecture of Nujiang in Yunnan Province, and the results provide strong technical support for slope geological hazards prevention and forecast in this area.