实时威胁态势感知的室内火灾疏散路径动态优化方法

摘要

How to provide safe and effective evacuation routes is an important safeguard to correctly guide evacuation and reduce the casualties during the fire situation rapidly evolving in complex indoor environment.The traditional static path finding method is difficult to adjust the path adaptively according to the changing fire situation,which lead to the evacuation decision-making blindness and hysteresis.This paper proposes a dynamic method which can dynamically optimize the indoor evacuation routes based on the real-time situation awareness.According to the real-time perception of fire situation parameters and the changing indoor environment information,the evacuation route is optimized dynamically.The integrated representation of multisource indoor fire monitoring sensor observations oriented fire emergency evacuation is presented at first,real-time fire threat situation information inside building is then extracted from the observation data of multi-source sensors,which is used to constrain the dynamical optimization of the topology of the evacuation route.Finally,the simulation experiments prove that this method can improve the accuracy and efficiency of indoor evacuation routing.%如何在火灾态势迅速演变的复杂室内环境下选择安全有效的疏散路线是正确引导人群疏散、减少人员伤亡的重要保障。传统静态寻径方法难以顾及火灾态势演变过程，导致疏散决策的盲目性和滞后性突出。本文提出了一种实时威胁态势感知的室内火灾疏散路径动态优化方法，充分利用实时接入的火场状态和室内建筑环境状态等火灾威胁态势场信息，动态调整和优化疏散路径。该方法建立了室内火灾实时威胁态势信息在语义空间的统一表示模型，并对多源、多尺度火灾传感器观测数据在语义空间进行统一建模，从实时接入的动态观测数据中提取室内火灾三维威胁态势信息，用于约束疏散路径的动态优化。模拟试验证明，本方法可根据火灾态势演变准确可靠地动态调整疏散路径，从而显著提高应　　急疏散的精准性。