东灵山地区不同森林群落叶功能性状比较

摘要

Plant functional trait has been a hot topic in ecological research in recent years. Of which leaf functional trait is most closely related with biomass, resource acquisition and utilization, and resource use efficiency of plants. In this study, relationships among different leaf functional traits and between leaf functional traits and topographic factors were studied in Mt. Dongling of Beijing, and comparisons of leaf functional traits were made among different forest communities. Pearson Correlation analysis showed that leaf dry matter content (LDMC) was negatively correlated with specific leaf area (SLA),leaf nitrogen content (LNC),leaf phosphorus content (LPC)and leaf kalium content (LKC);Leaf size was positively correlated with leaf thickness;SLA had positive correlation with LNC, LPC and LKC;LNC had positive correlation with LPC and LKC;LPC was positively correlated with LKC. Based on grey relational grade analysis, elevation was the most influential topographic factor for leaf size, LNC and LKC;LDMC and leaf thickness was most affected by steepness of slope;and slope position affected SLA and LPC the most. According to the SLA and LDMC of tree layer, the five communities can be classified into three groups: the first group consists of Betula dahurica and Populus davidiana, the second group contains mainly Quercus liaotungensis, and the third group consists of Juglans mandshurica and Tilia mandshurica. The community classification is consistent with the classification by dominant plants of the zonal vegetation, LDMC and SLA are the leaf functional traits that reflect the differences between communities best.%植物功能性状(plant functional trait)是近年来生态学研究的热点.其中叶功能性状(leaf functional trait)与植株生物量和植物对资源的获得、利用及利用效率的关系最为密切.研究了东灵山地区叶功能性状之间的关系、叶功能性状与地形因子的关系,并对不同群落叶功能性状进行了比较.通过Pearson相关分析发现,叶干物质含量(LDMC)与比叶面积(SLA)、叶氮浓度(LNC)、叶磷浓度(LPC)、叶钾浓度(LKC)负相关;叶大小与叶厚度正相关;SLA与 LNC、LPC、LKC正相关;LNC与LPC、LKC正相关;LPC与LKC正相关.通过灰色关联度分析发现,对叶大小、LNC、LKC来讲,海拔是各项地形因子中的首要影响因子;对LDMC、叶厚度来讲,坡度对其影响最大;对SLA、LPC来讲,坡位是其首要影响因子.依据乔木层的SLA和LDMC将5种群落分成3类,第一类是黑桦林和山杨林,第二类是辽东栎林,第三类是胡桃楸林和糠椴林.群落的分类情况符合该地带性植被优势度类型的分类情况,LDMC和SLA是最能体现群落间差异的叶功能性状.