秋水仙素诱导不结球白菜叶片形态类型与染色体加倍的关系

摘要

以二倍体不结球白菜‘依伶,为材料,用0.2％秋水仙素溶液处理子叶期生长点,研究不结球白菜在形态学上对秋水仙素诱导的响应及动态变化.结果表明:(1)‘依伶’对秋水仙素诱导的响应均以幼苗期前4片真叶中出现变异特征叶的形式表现,诱导处理15d后出现了圆盘状、豆瓣状、棒状3种响应类型；处理30 d后,以上3种类型分别分化出长勺状、花状、圆锥状类型.(2)分化前后3种响应类型受秋水仙素抑制程度不同导致生长速率各不相同,生长速率的顺序分别为:圆盘状＞豆瓣状＞棒状,花状＞长勺状＞圆锥状,6种响应类型的特征叶逐渐萎蔫死亡,继续生长的其他.叶生长正常.(3)豆瓣状、圆盘状、长勺状、棒状、花状、圆锥状6种叶片形态响应类型于处理当代选株中四倍体加倍率依次分别为50.00％、41.67％、25.00％、16.67％、8.33％、0.00％.研究表明,早期筛选宜选用圆盘状、豆瓣状变异植株.%With diploid non-heading chinese cabbage ‘Yiling' as material,0.2％ colchicines was dropped in growth point of cotyledon stage.We studied non-heading Chinese cabbage response on colchicine induced and dynamic change in morphology.The results showed that:(1)‘Yiling' response on colchicine induced is that variation of leaf appear in the first four leaves of seedling stage.After 15 days of treatment,we observed three response types:disc character,bean character and coliform character.After 30 days of treatment,disc character,bean character and coliform character is developed macro-scoop character,flower character and conical character respectively.(2)The above six response types have different degrees of inhibition of seedling stage:disc character＞ bean character＞coliform character,flower character＞macro-scoop character＞conical character; the variation characteristic leaf wilting and died gradually,other variation leaves grow normally.(3) disc character,bean character,coliform character,macro-scoop character,flower character and conical character,Rate of tetraploid of six responsed types above is 50.00％,41.67％,25.00％,16.67％,8.33％ and 0.00％,repectively,disc character and bean character should be used for early screening.