新疆12种黄芩属植物叶表皮微形态结构的研究

摘要

The leaf epidermal micromorphology of twelve species of Scutellaria L.from Xinjiang was investigated under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).The results showed that there were various forms of the shape and anticlinal walls of the upper epidermal cells of Scutellaria,but the shape of the lower epidermal cells were all irregular and the anticlinal walls were all sinuate without taxonomic significance.The size,density,index and the inner margin of outer rims of stomatal apparatus and cutin ornamentation and trichomes on both lower epidermal and upper epidermal were all obviously different among different species in genus Scutellaria.There were gland dots on most leaves of Scutellaria,and the size,distribution and density of gland dots were different among different species.These leaf epidermal morphological characters could provide evidence to identify species and study the systematic relationships of taxa of Scutellaria L.%应用光学显微镜和扫描电镜技术对新疆12种黄芩属植物叶片上的微形态特征进行观察.结果表明:该属植物叶的上表皮细胞形状及垂周壁式样有多种形式；而下表皮细胞形状均为不规则形,垂周壁式样均为深波形,不具分类学意义,但叶片两面分布的气孔器,在不同种间气孔大小、气孔密度、气孔指数、气孔外拱盖内缘等方面都存在着显著差异；其表皮角质层纹饰和表皮毛的微形态也各有不同；大多数植物叶片表面具腺点,其大小、分布及疏密程度也有不同.植物叶表皮上的这些微形态特征,可为探讨本属种间的分类学及亲缘关系提供一定的佐证.