环境温度对红花石蒜生长节律的调控研究

摘要

采用物候观测和小气候监测法,研究了环境温度、湿度对红花石蒜(Lycoris radiata)生长节律的影响,为石蒜的栽培提供理论基础和技术参考.结果表明,石蒜的叶片生长、抽葶与开花受气温的影响较大.适当的低温(9~19 ℃)和昼夜温差(9 ℃左右)有利于石蒜的营养生长,日均气温14 ℃左右最适合叶片的高生长;22 ℃以上会明显抑制叶片的生长,并启动叶片的衰老过程;高温(>26 ℃)高湿(>83%)且温差较小(31℃、日均气温>28℃)和较大的昼夜温差(9.8 ℃左右).此外,持续日极端高温(28~30 ℃)、较大的"土-气"温差及长日照的环境很可能诱导石蒜生长相转换的综合条件.%The effects of ambient temperature and humidity on the growth rhythm of Lycoris radiata were studied with the method of phenological observation and microclimate monitoring.The results showed that the leaf growth,scape sprouting,and flowering were greatly affected by the temperature.The appropriate tempera-ture(9~19 ℃)and temperature difference between day and might(about 9 ℃)promoted the vegetative growth of L.radiata,and the most suitable mean daily temperature for the longitudinal growth of leaf was about 14 ℃.However,22℃ or above would restrain leaf growth and start up the senescent process.And the environ-ment of high temperature(>26℃),high humidity(> 83%)and small temperature difference(31 ℃,the mean daily air temperatures>28℃) and larger temperature difference between day and night(about 9.8 ℃).In addition,the environment of con-tinuous high temperature(28~30℃),larger'soil-gas' temperature difference and long-day were likely to in-duce the transformation between the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of L. radiata.