The width, length and perimeter of stomatal guard cells were measured in different leaves from seed-germinated diploid plants and microspore-derived haploid plants of B. napus Strain 2105,and the correlation between the stomatal guard cell size and the ploidy level of plants was studied. The results indicated that the width, length and perimeter of stomatal guard cells were significantly different between the haploid and diploid plants. The calculated perimeter of stomatal guard cell was 43 - 59 μm for haploid plants and 75 - 94μm for diploid plants. Compared with a single observed index of the width or the length, the stomatal guard cell perimeter calculated by the length and width had a wider range to distinguish the haploid from the diploid and could be used to rapidly identify the plant ploidy in the construction of double haploid population.%对甘蓝型油菜2105品系种子萌发的二倍体植株和小孢子来源再生单倍体植株的不同叶位叶片气孔保卫细胞大小进行了测定,考察了不同叶片的保卫细胞长轴长、短轴长以及其周长差异,并对气孔保卫细胞大小与植株倍性的相关性进行了研究.结果表明:油菜单倍体与二倍体叶片气孔保卫细胞的长轴长、短轴长以及其周长存在显著差异；单倍体和二倍体气孔保卫细胞的周长计算值范围分别为43～59 μm和75～94 μm；相对于单一的长轴长或短轴长观测指标,利用长轴与短轴长度计算的周长值指标对单倍体与二倍体鉴定具有更宽的区分窗口,可用于油菜双单倍体群体构建中植株倍性的快速鉴定.
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